Particle, Electric, and Magnetic Field Measurements


Satellite orbiting the sun

Solar Orbiter – Heavy Ion Sensor

Determines the major charge states of oxygen and iron and creates a coarse mapping of the three-dimensional velocity distribution of some prominent minor species.


Sensors

Electric Field Sensor

Demonstrates the use of quadrature rotating electric field mills to measure magnitude and direction of the electric field at the sensor surface.


People working in the snow

Polar Experiment Network for Geospace Upper-atmosphere Investigators

Part of a multi-national plan to investigate in depth the electrodynamic system that comprises the space environment of Planet Earth.


Diagram of satellite

Plasma Instrument for Magnetic Sounding

Conducting a detailed reconnaissance of Europa from orbit through the measurement of plasma currents with dual frequency radar sounding.


Ion Spectrometer

Pick-up Ion Spectrometer

 Measures low density, low charge pick-up ions from extra-solar sources